From cell culture to cellular biology in animal-parasitic nematodes: Biotechnological advances

Abstract

Animal-parasitic nematodes are pathogens of medical and veterinary importance, yet their cellular biology remains poorly resolved because complex life cycles, host-dependent development and limited access to particular stages constrain investigation. This conceptual review traces nematode cellular biotechnology from efforts to isolate and maintain nematode-derived cells to the definition of cellular identity and its integration with biological function. Early culture studies showed that cells from free-living and parasitic nematodes could be isolated, maintained and sometimes propagated, but their identity was inferred indirectly from morphology, biochemical activity and immunological charac..